Each gram contains: Chloramphenicol 10 mg.
Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mode or Mechanisms of Action: Bacteriostatic, since it is lipid-soluble, it diffuses through the bacterial cell membrane and reversibly binds to the 50 S subunit of bacterial ribosomes where transfer of amino acids to growing peptide chains is prevented (perhaps by suppression of peptidyl transferase activity), thus inhibiting peptide bond formation and subsequent protein synthesis.
The actions of Chloramphenicol affect many types of bacteria. Gram-positive cocci include staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and anaerobes. Gram-negative cocci include Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenza and other gram-negative species such as Brucella bortus, Campylobacter, Legionella pneumophila, Pasteurella, Vibrio and Yersinia.
Chloramphenicol is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae; Escherichia coli; Haemophilus influenzae; Klebsiella/Enterobacter species; Moraxella lacunata (Morax-Axenfeld bacillus); Neisseria species.
This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: Intraocular and some systemic absorption occur following topical application to the eye.
Distribution: Aqueous humour- Measurable concentration following topical application to the eye.
Indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol susceptible organisms. Chloramphenicol should be used only in serious infections for which less potent drugs are ineffective or contraindicated.
Usual adult and paediatric dose: To the conjunctiva, a thin strip (approximately 1 cm) of ointment every three hours or more frequently.
Application Instructions: Open the lower eyelid, widely.
Gently squeeze the tube and apply the ointment along the inner side of the lower eyelid.
Close the eye for 1 to 2 mins, enabling the ointment to melt.
Symptoms and treatment for overdose and antidotes: In case of excessive ointment being instilled into the eye, it should be removed by washing the eye with normal saline solution.
This product is contraindicated in persons who have shown hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to the drug. It should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated courses and prolonged treatment should be avoided and it should not be used in patients with pre-existing bone-marrow depression or blood dyscrasias, and in new-born infants because of the risk of the "grey syndrome".
If new infections due to non-susceptible bacteria or fungi appear during therapy, the antibiotic should be discontinued and should be instituted as indicated by susceptibility testing. It is best avoided during pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Repeated courses and prolonged treatment should be avoided as they result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms.
Ophthalmic ointment may retard corneal healing.
In very rare instances, cases of aplastic anemia were observed after topical long term treatment (> 3 months) with chloramphenicol.
The most serious adverse effect is its depression of the bone marrow. Bone marrow hypoplasia, including aplastic anemia and death, has been reported following local application of Chloramphenicol. Allergic reactions due to individual hypersensitivity, stinging, itching, urticaria, angioneurotic edema and allergic lid eczema also occur. Blurred vision may occur after application of ophthalmic ointment.
Concomitant administration of Chloramphenicol with other drugs liable to depress bone-marrow function should be avoided.
Avoid contamination of the tip of the tube when applying the ointment.
Store below 30°C, away from direct light and heat.
Protect from freezing.
Keep the cap tightly closed.
Shelf-Life: 3 years.
S01AA01 - chloramphenicol ; Belongs to the class of antibiotics. Used in the treatment of eye infections.
Chlorop eye oint 1%
5 g x 1's
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